Article: Mouratidis "Athlos"

Mouratidis, Yannis. The "Athlos" in Ancient Greece and Its Educational Significance.

I have pages 475-480. I think they were printed from a Google book, but I am not sure. Sloppy reference tracking, I know.

First, this is a good piece to give general overview/ information on the word athlos. Second, it is written in an academic tone that is easy to read, but it does not seem to have any footnotes.

476

In other words, the wider meaning of the word "athlos", [sic] covered many forms of human activity, which contributed to the advancement of civilization. The word "athlos" as time went by was more closely connected to major achievements in the field of sports contents, which achievements were, however, always attained under conditions of fair play.

...those who had neglected their physical traning were considered to be uneducated, the educated being only those who could combine it wiht intellectual pursuits. Such comibnation was truly the basic and primary achievement (or athlos) from which stemmed all other accomplishments in the field of art, science and other activities, which contribute to social progress and give a special meaning to human life.

477

The word athlos also meant good manners, nobility of character and honesty. Athlos did not mean to misue one's strength or to achieve victory by unfair means. Athlos mean as well (some characters in Greek here (modesty), honesty, respect and nobility of spirit.